First of all, it is important to distinguish composites and architectured materials, which form the family of hybrid materials. Composites are a mix of multiple materials and it's often a matrix + reinforcements. Then architectured materials are combinations of two or more materials or of materials and space. Here a very good reference about this topic : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1359646212002965
If you want to learn more in general about hybrid materials, the Ansys Grata EduPack is a very good pedagogic software. Below screeshots of the material database with hybrids highlighted and of the Synthesizer tool, which helps to design manually some composites and architectured materials and to estimate their properties, in order to compare to reference materials, like you can see in the last Ashby graphic. https://www.ansys.com/products/materials/granta-edupack
Finally, here a webinar about usage of composites for railway lightweighting: https://www.ansys.com/resource-center/webinar/transportation-railway-lightweighting
Or this webinar on how to model analytically and numerically hybrid materials: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345978642_Modelling_of_Hybrids_Materials
Figure 1. Young's Modulus vs Density Chart. Material Family Chart - Chart created using CES EduPack 2019, ANSYS Granta © 2020 Granta Design
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