如何查看沿z轴入射的光通过超表面之后一个波长距离处的xy平面上的偏振态分布？
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老师您好，请问如何得到光通过器件传输之后，垂直于传输方向的平面上不同位置的偏振态分布呢？
这里分两个问题：如何得到垂直于传输方向的平面上不同位置的场，和分析得到偏振态。
一般来说超表面比较大，需要内存多仿真时间长，而超表面的后面是均匀介质，因此没有必要仿真长距离，可以仿真很小的距离，然后用farfieldexact 计算任意位置的场： Ansys Insight: 关于farfieldexact及其应用
得到指定平面的场后，考虑偏振态的问题。在分析偏振态的时候，不知道你有没有考虑过，传统教科书中的线偏振，圆偏振均是对平面波说的，因此，一个平面波只有一个偏振态。但是超表面如果有聚焦功能，那场就是空间分布的，不同空间点的偏振态是否一样？你选哪个点上的场来评价偏振态？
知道怎么选点评价了，再进一步讨论。
我看到很多同学在中英文论坛里对经过超表面后的场的偏振有问题，主要原因是照搬了教科书中的定义，没有理解汇聚光不是平面波的问题。
如果你是仿真单个单元，用的周期边界条件加平面波入射，出射的也是平面波，则可以参考这个例子获得远场某个衍射级的偏振态：
Calculating the far field polarization ellipse
其它参见
Circular polarization and phase convention
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